Phytochemical and Biochemical Analysis of a Siddha Herbo-Mineral Formulation, Pudhina Maathirai

Abstract

The Siddha system of medicine, one of the ancient traditional medical systems offers a holistic approach to health by addressing a wide spectrum of diseases and emphasizing the crucial role of gut health in maintaining overall well-being. Pudhina Maathirai, a classical siddha formulation mentioned in Noigalukku Siddha Parigaram (Part-1) is indicated for indigestion, vomiting and diarrhea. The present study aims to evaluate the preliminary phytochemical and biochemical properties of Pudhina Maathirai to provide scientific validation for its traditional use. Pudhina Maathirai was prepared according to classical siddha literature and preliminary phytochemical and biochemical analysis were carried out to identify its major constituents. Analytical evaluation revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, phenols, sugar, tannins and triterpenoids. Biochemical analysis revealed the presence of chlorides. Other acid radicals such as carbonate, sulphide, phosphate, fluoride, oxalate, borate and nitrate were absent.  Also, the basic radical analysis showed the absence of heavy metals including lead, arsenic, mercury, copper, iron, zinc, silver and magnesium. These identified compounds are known for their anti-secretory, anti-motility, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiemetic, antispasmodic, astringent and gastroprotective activities. The presence of chlorides, which is essential for maintaining electrolyte balance and gastric acid secretion. The findings of this study provide a scientific rationale for the traditional use of Pudhina Maathirai. However further pharmacological and clinical studies are required to support its therapeutic efficacy and safety.