Evaluation of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites in Vilvathi Podi for Dermatological and Respiratory Ailments

Abstract

The Siddha system of medicine, originating in South India, is a comprehensive traditional science encompassing Yogam (spirituality), Gnanam (wisdom), Vaadham (alchemy), and Vaithiyam (therapeutics). Within the realm of Vaithiyam, various formulations have been utilized for centuries to maintain health and treat diverse ailments. Despite the richness of this system, many classical texts remain unexplored. Maruthuva Aasiriyam is one such significant yet understudied piece of Siddha literature, documenting medicinal preparations traditionally practiced in the southernmost regions of India, particularly Kanyakumari. Aim: The present study focuses on the phytochemical evaluation of Vilvathi Podi, a traditional formulation described in Maruthuva Aasiriyam. While the preparation of this medicine is relatively simple, it is credited with a wide range of therapeutic properties. Methods: To facilitate global acceptance and ensure the safety and efficacy of this traditional drug, a systematic phytochemical screening was conducted. Results: The preliminary phytochemical analysis of Vilvathi Podi revealed the presence of several bioactive secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, glucosides, steroids, terpenoids, and coumarins. Additionally, the study confirmed the presence of phenols, tannins, saponins, sugars, and beta-cyanin. Conclusion: The identification of these diverse phytochemical constituents provides a scientific basis for the therapeutic potential of Vilvathi Podi. This study serves as a foundational step toward the standardization and validation of unexplored Siddha literature, highlighting the importance of preserving and scientifically documenting regional traditional medical knowledge.