Dashavidha Pariksha - A Holistic Tenfold Diagnostic Model in Ayurvedic Clinical Practice

Abstract

Dashavidha Pariksha (tenfold examination) is a classical Ayurvedic diagnostic framework grounded in Tridosha Siddhanta, Panchamahabhuta, and Dhatu-Mala-Srotas theory. Unlike disease-centered approaches, it evaluates both the patient (Rogi) and the disease (Roga), enabling a comprehensive, person-centered understanding of health and illness. Objectives: This article examines the conceptual and clinical importance of Dashavidha Pariksha, explains its role in individualized diagnosis and treatment planning, and highlights its relevance in preventive, predictive, and psychosomatic health frameworks. Methods: A descriptive, concept-oriented review of classical Ayurvedic texts, including Charaka Samhita, along with selected contemporary interpretations, was conducted. The ten parameters Prakriti, Vikriti, Sara, Samhanana, Pramana, Satmya, Satva, Ahara Shakti, Vyayama Shakti, and Vaya were analyzed for their diagnostic value, therapeutic relevance, and role in personalized care. Results: Dashavidha Pariksha provides a comprehensive basis for individualized assessment by integrating physiological status, psychological strength, and lifestyle adaptability. It guides clinical decision-making between Shodhana and Shamana therapies, supports prognosis assessment (Sadhyasadhyata), early disease recognition (Purvarupa), and planning of long-term strategies such as Rasayana and enhancement of Vyadhi Kshamatva. It also shows potential for population-level health profiling and region-specific Ayurvedic intervention models. Conclusion: Dashavidha Pariksha is not merely a traditional checklist but a structured clinical assessment model supporting comprehensive, ethical, and patient-specific care. Its utility extends to health maintenance, disease prevention, and mind–body integration, reflecting Ayurveda’s holistic foundation and relevance in modern integrative healthcare.