Brihati (Solanum Indicum Linn.): A Potent Anti-Inflammatory Drug in Ayurveda - Classical References

Abstract

Brihati (Solanum indicum Linn.), a member of the Solanaceae family, is an eminent medicinal plant extensively documented in Ayurvedic literature. Classified among the Dashamoola (group of ten roots), Brihati is described in classical texts such as Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya, and various Nighantus for its diverse therapeutic benefits. Characterized by Tikta (bitter) and Katu (pungent) Rasa (taste), Laghu (light) and Ruksha (dry) guna (properties), Ushna virya (hot potency), and Katu vipaka (pungent post-digestive effect), Brihati exhibits Shothahara (anti-inflammatory), Shwasahara (alleviating dyspnea), Kaphahara (phlegm-reducing), and Mutrala (diuretic) actions. It is frequently incorporated into formulations like Dashamoola Kwatha and Brihatyadi Kashaya, emphasizing its role in managing respiratory disorders, urinary tract conditions, and inflammatory states. Contemporary studies have validated several of these classical claims, including its nephroprotective potential. This article compiles absolute Ayurvedic references on Brihati, presenting its classical descriptions, pharmacological properties, therapeutic applications, and continued relevance in modern research.