An Integrative Review of Bharangi (Clerodendrum Serratum (l.) Moon) and its Therapeutic Potential in Bronchial Asthma

Abstract

Bharangi (Clerodendrum serratum (L.) Moon) is described in classical Ayurvedic texts as an important drug for the management of Tamaka Shwasa (bronchial asthma). However, systematic integration of its classical properties with modern experimental and clinical evidence related to bronchial asthma remains limited. This review critically examines Ayurvedic descriptions of Bharangi, including its Rasa (Tikta, Katu, Kashaya), Guna (Laghu, Ruksha), and Virya (Ushna), along with its therapeutic indications, and correlates them with contemporary research findings. A total of eight experimental and two clinical studies were analyzed and available studies demonstrate significant anti-inflammatory, bronchodilatory, mast cell-stabilizing, immunomodulatory, and anti-allergic effects, including reduction in airway inflammation, IgE levels, and eosinophilic infiltration. Clinical evidence further indicates improvement in pulmonary function and reduction in the frequency and severity of asthma symptoms. Overall, Bharangi shows considerable therapeutic potential in bronchial asthma, and its traditional use is supported by emerging scientific evidence, highlighting the need for further controlled clinical studies.