Specialties of Charakopaskara Commentary of Kaviraja Yogindranatha Sena on Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya of Charaka Samhita

Abstract

The Charakopaskara commentary of Kaviraja Yogindranatha Sena represents a significant yet underexplored contribution to Ayurvedic literature, particularly in relation to the Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya of the Charaka Samhita. While earlier authoritative commentaries such as Ayurveda Dipika by Chakrapani Datta and Jalpakalpataru by Gangadhara Raya are well known, their philosophical complexity often creates barriers for students and beginners. In contrast, Yogindranatha Sena composed Charakopaskara in simple Sanskrit with simple explanations to provide a student-friendly interpretation of the text. Methods: The present literary and comparative study critically analysed the Charakopaskara commentary on the Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya of the Charaka Samhita, comparing it with major classical commentaries to identify its distinctive literary, philosophical, pedagogical, and practical features. Results: The analysis revealed that Charakopaskara begins with a systematic Mangalacharana and emphasizes Anubandha Chatushtaya. Yogindranatha Sena clearly explains concepts such as Trisutra, Shat Padartha, Samanya-Vishesha, Samavaya, Atma, and Dosha, linking theory with clinical application through examples including digestion and the dynamic behaviour of Doshas. Unlike earlier commentators, he identifies Trisutra as the central theme of Ayurveda, emphasizing its role in preserving health and promoting longevity. The commentary also reflects his philosophical insight, clinical orientation, and emphasis on the qualities of an ideal physician. Discussion and Conclusion: Charakopaskara is a unique, accessible, and pedagogically valuable commentary that simplifies the Charaka Samhita while preserving its classical essence. It serves as an important educational resource for students and practitioners and deserves greater academic recognition and further research.