A Comprehensive Review of Kasahara Dravyas Documented in Dhanwanthari Nighantu

Abstract

Respiratory disorders, particularly cough (Kasa), are highly prevalent globally. It is considered as a symptom and an independent disease. A significant portion of the population relies on traditional medicines for healthcare. Ayurvedic Nighantus (materia medica texts), such as the Dhanwanthari Nighantu (Dh. Ni), serve as vital resources for identifying and understanding these traditional remedies. Aim: The primary objective of the study is to conduct an exhaustive literary review of the Kasahara dravyas (cough-alleviating drugs/herbs) mentioned in the Dh.Ni. The research aims to compile details about their properties (Rasa Panchaka -taste, qualities, potency, etc) and therapeutic indications to highlight their relevance in clinical practice. Materials and Methods: The study involves a meticulous screening and collection of relevant information from all seven Vargas (sections) of the Dh.Ni. This collected data is then systematically organized and presented, detailing the properties (Guna and Karma), and specific actions related to managing Kasa. Result and Discussion: After thorough screening of Dh.Ni, Kasahara dravyas were analysed. It was observed, out of 373 drugs mentioned in the Dh.Ni, 52 drugs show Kasahara property.  The presentation discusses how these drugs primarily act by balancing the Kapha and Vata Doshas, the primary Nidana (etiological factors) in Kasa (cough) Samprapthi (pathogenesis), based on their inherent properties like Tikta (bitter), Kashaya (astringent) Rasa (taste), and Ushna virya (hot potency). Conclusion: The comprehensive review validates the rich repository of effective herbal remedies for Kasa (cough) found within the Dh.Ni. This research attempts to provide a clear, scientifically correlated resource for practitioners, researchers, and pharmaceutical industries for the development of safe and effective plant-based medicines to manage respiratory ailments.