Cosmeceuticals in Classical Ayurveda: A Review of Lepa Kalpana as Cosmeceuticals from Sharangdhara Samhita

Abstract

Ayurvedic cosmeceuticals combine cosmetic and therapeutic benefits for maintaining skin and hair health. Among the various Ayurvedic topical formulations, Lepa Kalpana is an important Bahya Kalpana (external therapeutic preparation) widely described in classical texts. Sharangadhara Samhita contains a systematic description of numerous Lepa formulations used for complexion enhancement, acne, pigmentation, hair fall, dandruff, premature greying, and skin rejuvenation. Objective: To review the concept of Lepa Kalpana in classical Ayurveda and evaluate the cosmeceutical significance of Lepa formulations described in Sharangadhara Samhita in relation to modern skincare and haircare science. Materials and Methods: This narrative review was conducted in two phases: review of classical Ayurvedic literature related to Lepa Kalpana and review of cosmetic and hair-related Lepa formulations described in Sharangadhara Samhita. Classical references were collected from Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Sangraha, Bhavaprakasha, and Sharangadhara Samhita. Modern scientific literature related to herbal cosmetics, dermatology, antioxidants, and topical drug delivery was also reviewed. Results and Discussion: The review identified several Varnya and Keshya Lepas containing herbs such as Haridra, Manjistha, Lodhra, Yashtimadhu, Bhringaraja, and Triphala possessing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, wound-healing, and rejuvenating properties. Classical concepts such as Romakupa, Swedavahi Srotasa, and Bhrajakagni correlate with modern concepts of transdermal absorption and cutaneous metabolism. Use of lipid-based media like Ghrita and Taila may enhance skin permeation and moisturization. Ayurvedic Lepas also demonstrate principles of personalized skincare through Dosha-based application. Conclusion: Lepa Kalpana possesses significant therapeutic and cosmeceutical potential for skin and hair care. Integration of Ayurvedic pharmaceutics with modern cosmetic science may support development of safe, effective, and evidence-based herbal cosmeceuticals.