A Comprehensive Review on Yavasa (Alhagi Camelorum dc.): Traditional Perspectives and Pharmacotherapeutic Potential

Abstract

Yavasa (Alhagi camelorum DC.), also referred to as "Camel Thorn" or "Persian Manna," is a crucial medicinal plant belonging to the Fabaceae family that is extensively found in the desert regions of the Middle East and India. For centuries, Ayurveda has used it extensively to treat a range of inflammatory and metabolic disorders. The purpose of this research is to compile Yavasa's botanical description, taxonomic categorization, and comprehensive therapeutic references found in traditional Ayurvedic writings, such as the Brihatrayi and more than 20 Nighantus. In order to map the drug's synonyms, Rasa Panchak (pharmacodynamics), and clinical indications, a comprehensive investigation was carried out by examining classical Samhitas, Nighantus, and modern pharmacological literature. Findings: Madhura-Tikta Rasa, Sheeta Virya, and Kaphapittashamaka activities define Yavasa's distinct therapeutic profile. It is an essential component of several powerful formulas, including Duralabharishta, Sudarshana Churna, and Mahatiktaka Ghrita. Its effectiveness in treating Jwara (fever), Kasa (cough), Raktapitta (bleeding disorders), and Visarpa (erysipelas) is highlighted in classical literature. Authentic botanical identification is ensured by the relationship between its xerophytic morphology and conventional synonyms such as Dhanvayas. In Ayurvedic clinical treatment, Yavasa is still an essential herb. For future researchers conducting phytochemical standardization and clinical trials, especially in the areas of respiratory health and chronic inflammatory treatment, this study offers a thorough baseline.