Decoding Stanya Śodhana Drugs: A Gaṇa-Wise Review from the Lens of Suśruta Saṃhitā

Abstract

Breast milk (Stanya) is considered the ideal nourishment for newborns, providing essential nutrients and immunological protection. However, due to factors such as stress, poor diet, irregular sleep, and lifestyle changes in lactating mothers, the quality of milk may become vitiated (Dushta Stanya), potentially leading to health issues in the infant. Ayurveda describes eight types of Stanya Dushti and emphasizes the importance of Shuddha Stanya for the proper growth and development of the child. Objective: The present study aims to identify and analyze Ayurvedic drug groups (Ganas) mentioned in Sushruta Samhita that possess Stanya Shodhana (purifying) properties, and to determine the most suitable Gana for managing Dushta Stanya. Methods: A textual review of Sushruta Samhita, along with other classical Ayurvedic texts, was conducted to collect references related to Stanya Dushti and Stanya Shodhana Dravyas. The identified Ganas were critically analyzed based on their Rasa, Guna, Virya, Vipaka, and Prabhava, as well as their traditional therapeutic indications. Results: Several drug groups were found to possess Stanya Shodhana properties, notably Vacadigana, Haridradigana and Mustadigana. Among these, Mustadigana demonstrated the most balanced properties, including Dosha-Shamaka, and Dugdha-Prasadaka, making it the most suitable for managing Dushta Stanya. Conclusion: The study highlights the relevance of Mustadigana as a preferred choice for Stanya Shodhana. This can serve as a foundation for developing effective formulations to promote lactational health and infant well-being in clinical practice.