Physicochemical And Phytochemical Analysis of Siddha Polyherbal Formulation - Saaranai Mooli Kuzhambu

Abstract

The standardization of Siddha polyherbal preparation using modern scientific methods to ensure safety, efficacy and consistency is now mandatory for global acceptance. Saaranai Mooli Kuzhambu (SMK) is one among the Siddha polyherbal preparations indicated for Paandu (anemia), which is referred in “Pathinen Siddhargal Vaithiya Sillarai Kovai Part II”. The present study was designed to evaluate a comprehensive standardization profile for SMK, covering the physicochemical, phytochemical parameters, TLC/HPTLC fingerprinting and screening for aflatoxins, pesticide residue and microbial contamination. Physicochemical analysis showed a total ash of 2.40%, loss on drying of 65.95% and a pH of 4.85. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of phenols, tannins, flavonoids, triterpenoids, glycosides, quinones and anthraquinones. HPTLC analysis at 254nm and 520nm established a distinct fingerprint profile with 14 and 13 peaks, respectively, indicating the presence of various phytoconstituents. Safety evaluations revealed that aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, G2), pesticide residues, and microbial counts were all within the permissible limits as per PLIM standards. From the outcome of results, this study shows how modern standardization methods can improve the reliability and acceptance of polyherbal formulations at the global level. The findings confirm that SMK is safe and nontoxic when administered at the recommended dose.