Ayurvedic Management of Autism Spectrum Disorder with Comorbid Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by deficits in social communication, repetitive behaviours, and hyperactivity. A 10-year-old male child diagnosed with ASD presented symptoms such as impaired speech, poor eye contact, poor name call response, repetitive behaviours by the age of 3 years, and hyperactivity was also noticed later in life. The sleep cycle was also impaired. The treatment regimen included internal medications, external therapies, and purificatory procedures. Internal management involved oral formulations aimed at systemic regulation. External therapies included topical applications, powder massage, oil massage, and other Kerala Panchakarma procedures. Purificatory measures comprised Matra Vasti (therapeutic enema) and Virechana (controlled purgation) as part of bio-purification. Post-treatment assessment showed measurable improvements: The Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) score decreased from 116 to 104, the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) score from 40.5 to 38.5, and the ADHD T2 score from 87 to 75. Symptomatic improvements were also clinically evident. The treatment approach aimed to balance Vata and Pitta doshas, enhancing Agni (digestive fire) and eliminating Ama (toxins). Internal medications targeted cognitive and emotional functions, while external therapies helped calm the nervous system and improve sensory integration. Purificatory procedures aided toxin elimination and behavioural regulation. This case report shows that a comprehensive Ayurvedic treatment protocol can lead to measurable improvements in children with ASD and ADHD. The findings suggest Ayurveda can be a valuable adjunct in managing these complex neurodevelopmental disorders.