Ayurvedic Perspective of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Abstract

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common reproductive endocrine disorders and a leading cause of infertility among women of reproductive age. It is characterized by menstrual irregularities, anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and metabolic disturbances. Although PCOS is not directly described in Ayurvedic classics, its clinical features and pathogenesis can be correlated with several Ayurvedic disease entities such as Gulma, Prameha, Sthoulya, Nashtarthava, Artavakshaya, and Vandhya Yonivyapad. From an Ayurvedic perspective, PCOS is considered a Bahudoshaja condition involving impaired Agni and dysfunction of the Artavavaha Srotas. The disease is primarily associated with Vata-Kapha imbalance, resulting in obstruction of normal reproductive and metabolic functions. Ayurvedic management emphasizes Samshodhana therapies, Agneya Dravyas, Swayoni Vardhana Dravyas, and the elimination of causative factors to restore physiological balance. This review explores the Ayurvedic understanding of PCOS by analysing classical references and correlating them with contemporary clinical manifestations. Such an approach provides a comprehensive framework for understanding and managing PCOS through Ayurvedic principles.